In April 27, 1994, South Africa held its first democratic elections, marking a pivotal moment in the nation’s history. Freedom Day honors this significant achievement and the countless individuals who fought tirelessly to make democratic freedom a reality. Each year, on this day, we remember the sacrifices made by many to create a society free from the shackles of racist laws.
South Africa endured years of colonial rule and apartheid, during which a white minority government dominated politics and economics, imposing unjust laws that discriminated against people of color. Black South Africans faced particularly severe oppression, stripped of their citizenship and basic human rights by the apartheid regime.
The roots of racial discrimination in South Africa stretch back to colonialism, which began in 1652, while apartheid officially commenced in 1948. Decades of struggle for freedom followed, marked by political violence both within the country and among those in exile. The international community took a stand against apartheid, banning South Africa from international sporting events and imposing sanctions. These collective efforts ultimately contributed to the dismantling of apartheid.
In 1990, anti-apartheid organizations and political parties were unbanned, paving the way for negotiations that involved civil society and the apartheid government. The new constitution was adopted in 1993, establishing one of the world’s most progressive legal frameworks. In the historic election, the African National Congress emerged victorious, and Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s first democratically elected President. Mandela was inaugurated on May 10, 1994, symbolizing a new era for the nation
Sadly, South Africa is still grappling with issues of corruption, violence, poverty, and gender-based violence. As a nation, we are continuing to strive for true freedom. In researching for this post, I discovered the concept of Unfreedom Day, observed by some groups to highlight the ongoing inequalities and socio-economic challenges in our country. Unfreedom Day serves as a day of mourning for the injustices present in contemporary South Africa. As noted by Webster, “Abahlali used its Unfreedom Day rally to call for progressive political movements in South Africa to transcend the limits of the factory floor or the shack settlement.”
On April 25, 2018, a nationwide strike was organized by the South African Federation of Trade Unions (SAFTU) in response to dissatisfaction with the minimum wage, which stands at only R20 per hour while VAT has drastically increased. Strikers are also demanding amendments to the Labour Relations Act and seek to have SAFTU included in the National Economic Development and Labour Council. As South Africa’s second-largest trade union, SAFTU is a significant voice for workers. Additionally, an ongoing bus strike has left many workers stranded, with negotiations still in progress.
Given these challenges, the political atmosphere among ordinary citizens is often tense, yet we remain hopeful. Our strong constitution provides a foundation for change, and with Cyril Ramaphosa as our new president—an experienced businessman who has already secured investment funds from the UK—there is potential for positive transformation. Former president Jacob Zuma is facing charges and investigations for corruption, signaling a shift in accountability. South African athletes continue to make us proud on the global stage, and our Truth and Reconciliation process is being adapted in other countries, such as Canada.
The very fact that we can strike is a testament to our progress, especially considering that such actions were banned during apartheid. While I won’t celebrate Unfreedom Day tomorrow—believing we have achieved much, yet still have a long way to go—I recognize the importance of Freedom Day. It reminds us of our history, what we have collectively accomplished, and the sacrifices made by our forefathers. It also underscores the ongoing struggle for equality and justice. Happy Freedom Day to every South African!
Sources & Additional Reading:
www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/freedom-day-celebrated-south-africa
https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/City-Vision/readers-on-the-meaning-of-freedom-day-20180425
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